[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":612},["ShallowReactive",2],{"content-\u002Ffaecher\u002Fknt\u002F5-6-zsmf-sa2":3},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"class":595,"description":342,"extension":596,"meta":597,"navigation":598,"path":600,"pdfDownload":601,"scope":602,"scopeName":603,"seo":604,"stem":605,"subject":606,"subjectName":607,"type":608,"typeName":609,"year":610,"__hash__":611},"faecher\u002Ffaecher\u002Fknt\u002F5-6-zsmf-sa2.md","Zusammenfassung – Schulaufgabe 2",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":572},"minimark",[9,14,28,33,41,46,91,95,117,121,125,129,171,175,201,205,213,217,222,227,252,256,267,271,275,322,326,334,337,344,396,400,404,426,430,433,436,439,442,445,448,451,454,457,460,462,464,467,469,472,475,478,483,488,493,498,503,508,513,516,519,522,525,528,530,532,535,538,541,544,547,549,551,554,561,564,569],[10,11,13],"h1",{"id":12},"routing","Routing",[15,16,17,21],"ul",{},[18,19,20],"li",{},"Den besten Pfad zum Weiterleiten eines Pakets anhand von Routing-Tabellen zu ermitteln",[18,22,23,27],{},[24,25,26],"strong",{},"Next-Hop",": Bezeichnet den nächsten Router (oder das nächste Gerät) auf dem Weg zum Ziel, an den ein Paket weitergeleitet wird. Dieser Router muss direkt erreichbar sein",[29,30,32],"h2",{"id":31},"routing-tabelle","Routing-Tabelle",[15,34,35],{},[18,36,37,40],{},[24,38,39],{},"show ip route",": Routing-Tabelle anzeigen lassen",[42,43,45],"h3",{"id":44},"routing-codes","Routing-Codes",[15,47,48,54,60,66,72,78],{},[18,49,50,53],{},[24,51,52],{},"L – Local",": Router-Adresse des Routers im direkt angeschlossenen Netz – Immer \u002F32",[18,55,56,59],{},[24,57,58],{},"C – Connected",": Netz, das direkt am Router angeschlossen ist",[18,61,62,65],{},[24,63,64],{},"S – Static",": Statisch konfigurierte Route (Manuell konfiguriert)",[18,67,68,71],{},[24,69,70],{},"O – OSPF",": Über OSPF (Open-Shortest-Path-First) gelernt",[18,73,74,77],{},[24,75,76],{},"R – RIP",": Über RIP (Routing Information Protocol) gelernt",[18,79,80,90],{},[81,82,83,89],"em",{},[81,84,85],{},[86,87,88],"span",{},"X"," - Stern","* an beliebigem Code: Markiert die Standardroute – z.B.: S*",[42,92,94],{"id":93},"administrative-distanz","Administrative Distanz",[15,96,97,100,103],{},[18,98,99],{},"Stellt Zuverlässigkeit der Route dar",[18,101,102],{},"Je niedriger die Zahl, desto zuverlässiger",[18,104,105,106],{},"Standard ADs:\n",[15,107,108,111,114],{},[18,109,110],{},"Direkt verbunden: 0",[18,112,113],{},"Statisch: 1",[18,115,116],{},"OSPF: 110",[42,118,120],{"id":119},"eintrag-aufbau","Eintrag Aufbau",[122,123,124],"p",{},"\u003CCode> \u003CZielnetz> \u003CSubnetzmaske> \u003CAusgangsport\u002FNextHop\u002F Ausgangsport NextHop> \u003CAdminDist>",[42,126,128],{"id":127},"erstellen-der-routing-tabelle-1416","Erstellen der Routing-Tabelle (14.1.6)",[15,130,131,137,157],{},[18,132,133,136],{},[24,134,135],{},"Direkt verbundene Netzwerke",": Netze, die auf aktiven Schnittstellen des Routers konfiguriert sind",[18,138,139,142,143],{},[24,140,141],{},"Remote Netzwerke",": Netzwerke, die nicht direkt am Router anliegen\n",[15,144,145,151],{},[18,146,147,150],{},[24,148,149],{},"Statische Routen",": Manuelles Bekanntmachen eines Netzes",[18,152,153,156],{},[24,154,155],{},"Dynamische Routing Protokolle (OSPF etc.):"," Wird zur Tabelle hinzugefügt, wenn Dyn. Routing-Protokolle etwas über entfernte Netze erfahren",[18,158,159,162,163],{},[24,160,161],{},"Standardroute",": Gibt Next-Hop-Router an, wenn keiner der Tabellen-Einträge passt. In der Hoffnung, dass der nächste Router das Zielnetz kennt.\n",[15,164,165,168],{},[18,166,167],{},"Kann statisch konfiguriert oder dynamisch gelernt werden",[18,169,170],{},"Routeneintrag immer: 0.0.0.0\u002F0",[29,172,174],{"id":173},"statisches-routing","Statisches Routing",[15,176,177,183,189,195],{},[18,178,179,182],{},[24,180,181],{},"ip route \u003CEintrag ohne Code>:"," Konfiguriert eine statische Route",[18,184,185,188],{},[24,186,187],{},"Next-Hop-Route",": Ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 17216.0.2 (Zieladresse)",[18,190,191,194],{},[24,192,193],{},"Direkt-verbundene Route",": Ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Fa0\u002F2 (Ausgangsport)",[18,196,197,200],{},[24,198,199],{},"Fully Qualified Route",": Ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Fa0\u002F2 17216.0.2 (Ausgangsport und Zieladresse)",[42,202,204],{"id":203},"floating-static-route","Floating Static Route",[15,206,207,210],{},[18,208,209],{},"Wird als Backup-Route für eine andere Route verwendet",[18,211,212],{},"Lösung über Administrative Distanz -> Floating Static Route hat eine höhere AD als die primäre Route",[42,214,216],{"id":215},"summary-static-route","Summary Static Route",[15,218,219],{},[18,220,221],{},"Mehrere Netze können zusammengefasst werden, indem man eine breitere Subnetzmaske wählt",[223,224,226],"h4",{"id":225},"beispiel","Beispiel",[15,228,229,232,235,238,245],{},[18,230,231],{},"10.40.1.0\u002F24",[18,233,234],{},"10.40.2.0\u002F24",[18,236,237],{},"10.40.3.0\u002F24",[18,239,240,241,244],{},"Kann unter ",[24,242,243],{},"10.40.0.0\u002F16"," zusammengefasst werden",[18,246,247,248,251],{},"Alternativ auch enger als ",[24,249,250],{},"10.40.0.0\u002F22"," -> umfasst 10.40.0.0 – 10.40.3.255",[29,253,255],{"id":254},"dynamisches-routing","Dynamisches Routing",[15,257,258,261,264],{},[18,259,260],{},"Router tauschen Informationen über Remote-Netze miteinander aus",[18,262,263],{},"Bei Topologie-Änderungen kann schnell ein neuer bester Pfad ermittelt werden",[18,265,266],{},"Protokolle: OSPF, RIP",[29,268,270],{"id":269},"paketweiterleitung","Paketweiterleitung",[42,272,274],{"id":273},"entscheidungsprozess","Entscheidungsprozess",[276,277,278,281,284],"ol",{},[18,279,280],{},"Router erhält Paket",[18,282,283],{},"Router extrahiert die Ziel-IP-Adresse",[18,285,286,287],{},"Router vergleicht die Ziel-IP-Adresse mit seiner Routing-Tabelle auf die längste Übereinstimmung\n",[276,288,289,306],{},[18,290,291,292],{},"Router findet einen passenden Eintrag in der Routing Tabelle\n",[276,293,294,300],{},[18,295,296,299],{},[24,297,298],{},"Eintrag zeigt auf direkt verbundenes Netz",": Paket wird an Zielgerät geleitet (Ggf. ARP-Request notwendig)",[18,301,302,305],{},[24,303,304],{},"Eintrag zeigt auf remote Netz",": Paket wird an Next-Hop weitergeleitet",[18,307,308,309],{},"Router findet keinen Eintrag in der Routing Tabelle\n",[276,310,311,316],{},[18,312,313,305],{},[24,314,315],{},"Es ist eine Standardroute konfiguriert",[18,317,318,321],{},[24,319,320],{},"Es ist keine Standardroute konfiguriert",": Paket wird gelöscht",[42,323,325],{"id":324},"end-to-end-weiterleitung","End-to-End-Weiterleitung",[15,327,328,331],{},[18,329,330],{},"Bei der Weiterleitung wird das Layer-3 Paket (IP) nicht verändert. Lediglich die Layer-2 (MAC) Informationen ändern sich ständig",[18,332,333],{},"Falls keine Layer-2 Informationen am bearbeitenden Gerät vorliegen, muss erst ein ARP-Request durchgeführt werden",[223,335,226],{"id":336},"beispiel-1",[122,338,339],{},[340,341],"img",{"alt":342,"src":343},"","\u002Fdownloads\u002FKNT\u002Fimages\u002F5-6-zsmf-sa2_img_1.png",[276,345,346,357,368,382,393],{},[18,347,348,349],{},"PC1 weiß, dass PC2 nicht im eigenen Netz ist -> Sendet Paket ans Standardgateway\n",[276,350,351,354],{},[18,352,353],{},"Quell-MAC: PC1",[18,355,356],{},"Ziel-MAC: R1",[18,358,359,360],{},"R1 weiß, dass es kein direkt angebundenes Netzwerk ist. Er hat allerdings einen Routeneintrag in dem R2 als Next-Hop für das Netz angegeben wird\n",[276,361,362,365],{},[18,363,364],{},"Quell-MAC: R1",[18,366,367],{},"Ziel-MAC: R2",[18,369,370,371],{},"R2 weiß, dass es kein direkt angebundenes Netzwerk ist. Er hat allerdings einen Routeneintrag in dem R3 als Next-Hop angegeben wird.\n",[276,372,373,376,379],{},[18,374,375],{},"Quell-MAC: \u002F",[18,377,378],{},"Ziel-MAC: 0x8F (Layer-2 Broadcast)",[18,380,381],{},"R2 und R3 sind über eine serielle Schnittstelle miteinander verbunden -> R2 muss eine Layer-3 Broadcast-Adresse verwenden und keine Quell-Adresse angeben",[18,383,384,385],{},"R3 weiß, dass es ein direkt verbundenes Netzwerk ist. Er kann die MAC-Adresse des Endgeräts als Zieladresse hinterlegen\n",[276,386,387,390],{},[18,388,389],{},"Quell-MAC: R3",[18,391,392],{},"Ziel-MAC: PC2",[18,394,395],{},"PC2 empfängt Paket auf seiner MAC-Adresse und erkennt, dass es sich um seine IP-Adresse handelt (die IP wurde nie geändert). Es muss also sein Paket sein",[29,397,399],{"id":398},"konfiguration","Konfiguration",[42,401,403],{"id":402},"überprüfungsbefehle","Überprüfungsbefehle",[15,405,406,409,412,415,418,420,423],{},[18,407,408],{},"show ip interface brief",[18,410,411],{},"show running-config interface interface-type number",[18,413,414],{},"show interfaces",[18,416,417],{},"show ip interface",[18,419,39],{},[18,421,422],{},"ping",[18,424,425],{},"traceroute",[42,427,429],{"id":428},"vollständige-konfiguration","Vollständige Konfiguration",[122,431,432],{},"Router> enable",[122,434,435],{},"Router# configure terminal",[122,437,438],{},"Router(config)# hostname R1",[122,440,441],{},"R1(config)# enable secret class",[122,443,444],{},"R1(config)# line console 0",[122,446,447],{},"R1(config-line)# logging synchronous",[122,449,450],{},"R1(config-line)# password cisco",[122,452,453],{},"R1(config-line)# login",[122,455,456],{},"R1(config-line)# exit",[122,458,459],{},"R1(config)# line vty 0 4",[122,461,450],{},[122,463,453],{},[122,465,466],{},"R1(config-line)# transport input ssh telnet",[122,468,456],{},[122,470,471],{},"R1(config)# service password-encryption",[122,473,474],{},"R1(config)# banner motd #WARNING: Unauthorized access is prohibited!#",[122,476,477],{},"R1(config)# ipv6 unicast-routing",[122,479,480],{},[24,481,482],{},"R1(config)# interface gigabitethernet 0\u002F0\u002F0",[122,484,485],{},[24,486,487],{},"R1(config-if)# description Link to LAN 1",[122,489,490],{},[24,491,492],{},"R1(config-if)# ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.0",[122,494,495],{},[24,496,497],{},"R1(config-if)# ipv6 address 2001:db8:acad:1::1\u002F64",[122,499,500],{},[24,501,502],{},"R1(config-if)# ipv6 address fe80::1:a link-local",[122,504,505],{},[24,506,507],{},"R1(config-if)# no shutdown",[122,509,510],{},[24,511,512],{},"R1(config-if)# exit",[122,514,515],{},"R1(config)# interface gigabitethernet 0\u002F0\u002F1",[122,517,518],{},"R1(config-if)# description Link to LAN 2",[122,520,521],{},"R1(config-if)# ip address 10.0.2.1 255.255.255.0",[122,523,524],{},"R1(config-if)# ipv6 address 2001:db8:acad:2::1\u002F64",[122,526,527],{},"R1(config-if)# ipv6 address fe80::1:b link-local",[122,529,507],{},[122,531,512],{},[122,533,534],{},"R1(config)# interface serial 0\u002F1\u002F1",[122,536,537],{},"R1(config-if)# description Link to R2",[122,539,540],{},"R1(config-if)# ip address 10.0.3.1 255.255.255.0",[122,542,543],{},"R1(config-if)# ipv6 address 2001:db8:acad:3::1\u002F64",[122,545,546],{},"R1(config-if)# ipv6 address fe80::1:c link-local",[122,548,507],{},[122,550,512],{},[122,552,553],{},"R1# copy running-config startup-config",[122,555,556,557,560],{},"Destination filename ",[86,558,559],{},"startup-config","?",[122,562,563],{},"Building configuration...",[122,565,566],{},[86,567,568],{},"OK",[122,570,571],{},"R1#",{"title":342,"searchDepth":573,"depth":573,"links":574},2,[575,582,586,587,591],{"id":31,"depth":573,"text":32,"children":576},[577,579,580,581],{"id":44,"depth":578,"text":45},3,{"id":93,"depth":578,"text":94},{"id":119,"depth":578,"text":120},{"id":127,"depth":578,"text":128},{"id":173,"depth":573,"text":174,"children":583},[584,585],{"id":203,"depth":578,"text":204},{"id":215,"depth":578,"text":216},{"id":254,"depth":573,"text":255},{"id":269,"depth":573,"text":270,"children":588},[589,590],{"id":273,"depth":578,"text":274},{"id":324,"depth":578,"text":325},{"id":398,"depth":573,"text":399,"children":592},[593,594],{"id":402,"depth":578,"text":403},{"id":428,"depth":578,"text":429},"5-6","md",{},{"title":599},"Zusammenfassung – Schulaufgabe 2 (2024\u002F2025)","\u002Ffaecher\u002Fknt\u002F5-6-zsmf-sa2","\u002Fdownloads\u002FKNT\u002FKNT_5-6_ZSMF_SA2.pdf","SA2","Schulaufgabe 2",{"title":5,"description":342},"faecher\u002Fknt\u002F5-6-zsmf-sa2","KNT","Kommunikations- und Netzwerktechnik","ZSMF","Zusammenfassung","2024\u002F2025","oGMjUjKvUKaD38xxwhVkkAM5mRfIvtt3bq-_0T-XOTg",1778676319844]